The Effects of UV Radiation on Your Eyes

UV rays are invisible to the eye, but their impact can be powerful. Prolonged or intense exposure can lead to several eye conditions, some of which develop over time without obvious warning signs:
Photokeratitis
Also known as āsunburn of the eye,ā this painful condition causes redness, tearing, sensitivity to light, and a gritty sensation in the affected area. Itās common to experience fatigue after spending hours in bright sunlight, especially around water or sand.
Cataracts
A gradual clouding of the eyeās lens, cataracts are one of the most common causes of vision loss in older adults. UV exposure is a known risk factor.
Macular degeneration
Eyelid cancers and premature aging
Top Tips for Summer Eye Protection
1. Choose Proper Sunglasses
The most important thing you can do for your eyes in the sun is wear high-quality sunglasses. Look for:
- 100% UVA and UVB protection ā This should be clearly stated on the label. āPolarizedā lenses reduce glare but donāt necessarily offer UV protection.
- Wraparound or large lenses ā These help shield your eyes from sunlight coming from different angles.
- Dark lenses arenāt always better ā Lens tint doesnāt equate to UV protection. Always check the label rather than going by color.
And if you wear prescription glasses, consider transition lenses or prescription sunglasses to maintain clear, protected vision outdoors.
2. Wear a Wide-Brimmed Hat
A hat with a brim of at least 3 inches provides extra shade and helps reduce UV exposure to your eyes and eyelids by up to 50%. It’s a simple addition that complements your sunglasses and enhances your protection.
3. Be Extra Careful Around Reflective Surfaces
Sunlight reflects off water, sand, pavement, and even grass, intensifying your exposure. This can double the amount of UV radiation your eyes are exposed to. If youāre near a pool, lake, or beachāor spending time on a boatākeep your sunglasses on at all times, even in the shade.
4. Stay Hydrated and Use Eye Drops if Needed
The combination of heat, wind, and outdoor activities can cause your eyes to feel dry or irritated. Drink plenty of water throughout the day, and use preservative-free artificial tears to soothe your eyes, especially if you wear contact lenses.
5. Protect Childrenās Eyes
Childrenās eyes are still developing and allow more UV rays to reach the retina. Make sure kids wear sunglasses that fit well and offer complete UV protection, along with a hat or cap. Instilling these habits early helps set the stage for a lifetime of healthy vision.
6. Know When to Take Breaks from the Sun
If your eyes feel fatigued, strained, or unusually sensitive to light, it’s a good idea to head indoors or find shade. Just like your skin needs rest from sun exposure, your eyes also benefit from periodic breaks.
Don’t Skip Your Summer Eye Exam

Your Summer Vision Checklist:Ā

- Sunglasses with 100% UV protection
- Wide-brimmed hat
- Eye drops for dryness
- Sunglasses for kids
- Regular eye exam
Enjoy the SunshineāSafely

Summer should be a time of joy, not discomfort or long-term vision problems. By making a few smart choicesāwearing sunglasses, staying hydrated, and protecting the whole familyās eyesāyou can enjoy the sun while safeguarding your vision.